Automotive interior plastics mainly use polymer materials such as PP, ABS, PC/ABS, PVC, and POM, among which polypropylene (PP) is the most widely used.
Different materials have specific uses depending on their function and location:
PP (Polypropylene): Accounts for over 60% of total interior plastics, used in dashboard frames, door panels, ventilation ducts, etc. It has advantages such as being lightweight, chemically resistant, and easily recyclable. Modification can improve its impact resistance and heat resistance.
ABS (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer): Used for dashboard surfaces, air conditioning vents, door handles, etc. It has a high surface finish, is easy to paint and electroplate, and possesses good dimensional stability and creep resistance.
PC/ABS Alloy: Combines the high strength of polycarbonate with the easy processing of ABS, widely used in areas with high requirements for heat resistance and impact resistance, such as the center console and glove box.
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride): Primarily used for soft-touch materials such as seat upholstery, carpet substrates, and steering wheel covers. Flexibility is achieved through the addition of plasticizers, and some are manufactured using slush molding to create a foamed layer for enhanced tactile feel.
POM (Polyoxymethylene): Used for frequently operated components such as air conditioning knobs, window switches, and seatbelt buckles. It features an extremely low coefficient of friction, high hardness, and excellent geometric stability.
Furthermore, environmental trends are driving the application of sustainable materials such as bamboo fiber composites, recycled PP, and bio-based PU in areas like headliners and door panels, achieving lightweighting and low-carbonization.
